Rural-to-urban migration in Vietnam: Trend and institutions
Rural-to-urban migration in Vietnam:
Trend and institutions
Dang Nguyen Anh (pp 158-170)
Abstract:
Vietnam’s
high economic growth and rapid urbanization has increased the number of people
moving within the country, largely from rural areas to major cities in search of
economic opportunities and a better life. The country’s constitutional
framework provides people with a basic freedom to relocate internally and to
earn a living of their choice. However the current migration institutions (such
as the Ho Khau registration system) give
limited access to public services to those without permanent household
registration. The system continues to increase the costs of migration and
deepens social inequalities. The present paper examines the key patterns of
rural-to-urban migration, and provides a better understanding of the system of Ho Khau and its consequences for
migrants in their places of destination. The paper suggests basic measures that
aim at reducing, relaxing and restructuring the institutional constraints on
migration. Such reforms are essential to enhance the economic efficiency of
major cities and treat migration as a positive factor for social inclusion and
national development.
Keywords: Rural-to-urban
migration; Ho Khau household registration system; urbanization.
Received
10th April 2017; Revised 27th April 2017; Accepted 31st
April 2017
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