TÓM TẮT BẰNG TIẾNG ANH

The US-Vietnam relations: Through the principle of four “P” of an American scholar

Nguyen Thai Yen Huong

Abstract: The book, titled "American Foreign Policy: The Dynamics of Choice in the 21st Century" by Bruce W.Jentleson, considers the national interests of the United States from the four "P", in terms of: Power, Peace, Prosperity and Principles. They are applied to analyse the success and fails on implementing the foreign policies by the United States' Government. The author applies the 4Ps on his book and implies the background for such co-relations among the Ps in the future. He applies this formulation as there is difference among the theories and concepts of international relations, and his application of this formulation on the US' foreign policies in the post cold-war based on the national interests of the US as the three main points: 1) the content of the 4Ps' principles in the US' foreign policies; 2) the establishment of the US-Vietnam relations based in this principle; 3) overlook at the US-Vietnam's relations from the view of this principle in order to have conclusion: from 2016, both countries have a better condition for the "comprehensive partnership" and "Joint Vision Statement" (2015) to look forward to the sustainable, deep and real future.

Keywords: Background; The US-Vietnam relation; Principles of 4Ps; The foreign policies of the US. 

Thought of people-oriented in the country governance

of Vietnam monarchic feudal state under the Ly-Tran and the early Le dynasties (in the 11^th to 15^th centuries)

Pham Duc Anh

 Abstract: In monarchic feudal period of Vietnam, the democracy institution was not existed. However, in fact, all of Vietnam feudal dynasties treasured the people; they built the political institution on the basic of the people’s support. Real essence, that was for the survival of the regime and the monarchy. The political thought “the people are origin” may be changeable overtime, but its value is never old. Today, that thought become the target and motivation for innovation of Vietnam state-A state of the people, by the people and for the people. However, besides the achievements, the implementation process of that also revealed many shortcomings and limitations. According to historical perspective, research and analysis chronicle materials and ancient laws, this article focused on ideology and policies on governing the people of the Ly-Tran and the Le dynasties from the 11^th to 15^th century in Vietnam. This research shows that although treasured the people, but the two different political views and management models had led to opposite results. The experiences and historical lessons from the past will have certain contributions to Vietnam today.

Keywords: Close to the people thought; bureaucratic institution; the Ly and Tran period; the Early Le period.

Utilizing and promoting the values of the vermillion records of the Nguyen dynasty

Nguyen Van Ham, Cam Anh Tuan

Abstract: Theoretically, utilizing and promoting the values of archival documents to meet social demands play an important role. In Vietnam, the Vermillion records of the Nguyen dynasty (1802-1945- Châu bản) recognized as documentary heritage of the Memory of the World Program in Asia-Pacific by UNESCO. Therefore, their values should be utilized and promoted more widely. To deal with the issue, our paper targets to figure out some points:

1. The values of Vermiliion records seen from perspective of politics, economics, security and defence, culture, education, health, foreign affairs, etc.

2. Measures to promote the values of Vermillion records by diverse means i.e.,

2.1. Searching and collecting lost records as it is reported by scholars that only 1/5 of those records are still preserved;

2.2. On the basis of the two volumes published in 1998 and 2010, select and translate into Vietnamese those Vermillion records; at the same time, it is necessary to educate professionals who can master the language of Sino-Nom in order to continue understanding and preserving the heritage;

2.3. Means of introducing the Vermillion records both nationwide and overseas;

2.4. International cooperation in promoting the values of the Vermillion records e.g., expert exchange, organizing conferences, education and supplying specific techniques to protect the Vermillion records for long term use.

Keywords: Vermillion records; archives; utilize and promote; values of archives; Nguyen dynasty.

Knowledge, skills and revolution-Contribution of Vietnamese students from colonial vocational schools in the struggle for national independence

Tran Thi Phuong Hoa

 Abstract: Several studies have demonstrated the role of modern Vietnam intellectuals in the struggle for national independence from French imperialists. This article makes a further contribution by exploring the participation of former students of vocational schools in colonial Vietnam in the formation and development of the Marxist party. In the 1920s, Vietnam patriotic movement encountered new factors: the penetration of communism, the rise of new intellectuals and the growth of working class. Although the power of intellectuals remained important under the impact of the Vietnamese literati-respected tradition, the struggle for independence faced new challenges from the workers’ force that pretended to occupy the leading role in the revolution. Marxist intellectuals sought the way to promote the revolution by propagandizing communist ideologies and penetrating the mass and, by that way, “proletarianizing” themselves. Those activities involved students from vocational schools, the new-style institutions established and developed in Vietnam in the early Twentieth century. The influence of the students with knowledge, industrial skills, and discipline acquired from professional school is discussed in the article.

Keywords: Colonial vocational schools in Vietnam; Marxist movement; Vietnamese new intellectuals; colonial education.

Employees’ working passion in textile clothing and footwear companies in Hai Phong city

Le Thi Minh Loan, Ngo Thi Thuan

Abstract: The textile clothing and footwear industry is one of the key industries in Hai Phong city which creates jobs and stable incomes for thousands of workers. This paper analyzes the level of employees’ working passion by three basic component, which are Employees’ working passion represented by emotion, Employees’ working passion represented by the behaviors and Employees’ working passion represented by learning on the job. The study results showed that the percent of employees who has highly level of  working passion is not significant. Among factors affecting the employees' working passion, such as: the job fit, income and management attitudes the fit of employees’ ability is the most impacted one.

Keywords: Working passion; employees; job fit; income; management attitudes.

The expression of integration of Buddhism and traditional faiths in pagodas at present (The case study of two pagodas in Hanoi)

Tran Thi Kim Oanh, Vu Duc Chinh

 Abstract: The integration of Buddhism and traditional faiths is a longstanding course of history, currently; it has sturdy “changes", expresses a new shade and feature, takes bold mark of social changes in the current period. The article mentions The expression of integration of Buddhism and traditional faiths in some pagodas in Hanoi (Quan Su Pagoda, Trung Kinh Thuong Pagoda) at present. The integration is manifested in that more and more people, with many class status, ages have engaged in ashrams in the pagodas, became buddhists and attended the lectures of Buddist teachings; Many acts of traditional worship such as ancestor wordship, worship on the first day and full moon day of the lunar month, weddings, funerals, ..., are all in the presence of Buddhist elements; the majority of Buddhists in the pagodas have followed the rules of Buddhism as vegetarianism, release, abstain from killing living in Lovingkindness, compassion, Joy and Indifference, no quarrels, fights, etc. Buddhist priests only lead a religious life but also become the spiritual caretakers for villagers and street population. On this basis, the people have a major change in perception towards being better and doing something good for society. The relationship between Buddhism and traditional beliefs of the people of Hanoi is clear one, beneficial to one's country and people, needs to be protected, respected, preserved and promoted in the current period.

Keywords: Integration; Buddhism, traditional beliefs.

Softpower and life experiences of Đạo Mẫu's women

Vu Thi Tu Anh

Abstract: In this study, I have sought to understand through personal interviews and participant observations the lifeworld of Đạo Mẫu women especially those called to be đồng and đồng thầy. How does the practice of Đạo Mẫu affect their lives, and become a source of empowerment to help them better cope with the problems of everyday lives? By performing the ritual and actualizing the outer forms that is the obligation, the woman of Đạo Mẫu is enabled to “go beyond the norm” to surpass the bounds of ritual form and to realize an inner self in its agency, an experience or exercise which we call soft power. This soft power is not about compliance, nor submission, nor resistance, nor total conformity but a capacity for self-actualization. This study suggests the soft power approach by which Đạo Mẫu empowers women is a viable way of bringing about change through personal development, an approach which fits the culture of Viet Nam without the overthrow and rejection of traditional values and the social dislocation this brings.

Keywords: Đạo Mẫu belief, soft power, women and religion. 

Do not worry about future generations only:

An anthropological critique of the concept of "sustainable development"

Lam Minh Chau

Abstract: The aim of this article is to contribute an anthropological critique of the way the concept of ‘sustainable development’ has been widely understood and deployed by policy-makers and even some academics. According to those policy-makers and academics, unsustainable development occurs mostly when an action taken to meet the needs of the present actually compromises the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. However, in this article, I argue that in order to classify a certain development scheme as ‘sustainable’ or ‘unsustainable,’ we should first consider the impact of that particular scheme on the present instead of its effects on the future. I further argue that a development scheme considered ‘sustainable’ is not only a scheme that can protect the capacity of future generations to live their lives, but also a scheme that does no harm to the normal lives of others and one that truly respects differences. I therefore highlight the vital role of anthropology, a discipline particularly sensitive to differences and one that treats differences with respect and sympathy, in ensuring the sustainability of our ongoing and future development efforts.

Keywords: Anthropology, sustainable development, differences, culture, modernisation, globalisation.

 Effect of parents working far from home on “left-behind children”  in rural Asia

 Nguyen Van Luot

Abstract: This paper analyzes research trends on effects of parents working far from home on left-behind children in rural Asia, especially in China and ASEAN. Through a review of documents on this topic developed in recent five years from 2010 to 2016, the author concludes that there are 3 main trends: (I) effects on the children’s school; (II) effects on psychological life of the children (emotion, feeling on happiness, self-esteem and behavioral disorder); (III) effects on the children’s performance of their daily life functions. Based on the review’s results, the author specifes gaps in the studies on the effects of parents working far from home on lef-behind children in rural areas of Vietnam.

Keywords: Parents working far from home; left behind children; children; rural area.